1inch Hardware Wallet production completion

2.1 General Proposals
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Summary:

This proposal is dedicated to the completion of the 1inch Hardware Wallet product development, which includes both software and hardware deliverables. The proposal has been coordinated with 1inch core team and is seeking funding of $2M to complete the product trade version (PTV) of the 1inch hardware wallet. With this funding, we will be able to finalize the product development, set up the manufacturing process, and pass technical and security audits for a successful launch. Our goal is to provide the DeFi community with a cutting-edge solution for handling their crypto assets in a secure, convenient and open-source way, as well as benefit the 1inch ecosystem.

Abstract

We are building the 1inch hardware wallet as a fully open-source project to enhance 1inch ecosystem and empower the DeFi community with a cutting-edge solution for handling their crypto assets in a simple, convenient and secure way.

Launched under the 1inch grant program (which you can read about here) the project is currently moving into the product finalisation stage. The waitlist for the product is currently hosted through 1inch subdomain - hw.1inch.io.

We have been working closely with the 1inch core team and have already coordinated the next steps for the project’s development as well as the following proposal.
As we move forward, we are seeking funds to complete the product trade version (PTV), set up the manufacturing process and undergo technical and security audits to ensure safety and a smooth sales launch.

Motivation

  • Launch the first hardware wallet designed specifically for the DeFi community. The wallet will feature transparent signing, data decoding, open-sourced hardware & firmware, seamless navigation, HD-wallet support, and a multi-seed wallet.
  • Expand the capabilities of the 1inch Mobile Wallet and provide seamless integration with the hardware wallet. The 1inch Mobile App will serve as a primary dApp for the hardware wallet, allowing users to easily access a range of DeFi protocols from a single interface.
  • Make it easy for users to backup and recover the funds. Along with 1inch hardware wallet, we are developing simple backup and recovery solutions, which allow users to export the seed phrase to an external drive.

Specification

The 1inch hardware wallet will be integrated into the 1inch, expanding the 1inch Mobile Wallet ecosystem. It will provide the safest option for storing and managing private keys in a simple, easy, and offline way. Moreover, by launching the hardware wallet under the 1inch branding, we aim to increase brand awareness and establish an additional touchpoint with the DeFi community.

1inch Hardware Wallet key features:

  • Focus on open-source security (users can verify and reprogram the firmware, authenticity check and more)
  • Enhanced integration with 1inch dApp
  • Multi-seed option, which enables users to create and control several sets of wallets with different seed phrases (HD wallet algorithm)
  • Fully air-gapped device with QR code or NFC connection options
  • Sleek and elegant form factor (lightweight, credit card size)
  • Transparent transaction signing conducted with full transaction parsing and call data analysis (includes data decoding)
  • Convenient UX/UI and essential functions (wireless, long-lasting battery, etc.)

Roadmap

In 2022, the Hardware Wallet team received a grant of $175k from the 1inch Foundation to develop an MVP (Minimal Valuable Product) of the hardware wallet. The funds were allocated as follows: 15% for supplies and components required for product design, 72 % for team and contractor costs, and 13% for operational expenses. As a result, the team created a working demo board with core functions, including wallet connection and transactions signing, and documented constructed product design.

As of now, we have successfully moved from MVP to EVT1 stage and completed a working engineer prototype. The team is conducting the alpha test and working on device integration into the 1inch Mobile Wallet app.

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EVT1 Live Demo: https://youtu.be/kRwbWE6GfgY

The second and third quarters of 2023 are dedicated to product refinement to the PVT (Product Validation Test, Trade Version), product acceptance, QA and manufacturing, building integrations and partnerships, international laboratory tests & certifications, and setting up sales channels.

Product milestones and deliverables breakdown:

Milestone 0:
Steps included: factory setup, warehouse maintenance, operational and services costs, purchase of 15 000 MCUs (Microcontroller units)

_Milestone 1: Engineering Validation Test (EVT2) _
Steps included:

  • PRD finalisation, EVT1 refinement to EVT2

  • Legal (entity setup)

  • Design and UX/UI improvements

    Delivered results: PRD complete (new blueprints, product descriptions), manufactured EVT2 (photo & video, 20 devices), 1inch app test flight and flow, entity details, UI/UX screens

_Milestone 2: Design Validation Test (DVT) _
Steps included:

  • DVT design, manufacturing

  • Mechanical, electronic, performance verification tests from certified laboratories

  • Backup & recovery solutions development and manufacturing

    Delivered results: Manufactured DVT (photos & videos, ~ 30 devices), crush test results from labs & certifications (components compliance results and pre-certifications results or agreement confirmations with labs), backup & recovery solutions manufactured

_Milestone 3: Channels setup _
Steps included:

  • Sales funnel and logistics configuration

  • Countries trade licensing and certifications

  • Store, payments, warranties setup

    Delivered results: Sales & Trade Conditions (files), tested orders, ordering details in GitHub (including providers, countries, payments, warranties details), trade licenses status

Milestone 4: Product Validation Testing (PVT)
Steps included:

  • First production run

  • PVT design, manufacturing

  • QA

  • getting started and onboarding

    Delivered results: Manufactured PVT (photos & videos, 100 devices from different factories) = final product with packaging and supporting materials, getting started guide established

Milestone 5: Security Audit & Integrations
Steps included:

  • Independent labs, EAL certification

  • Other crypto wallets integrations

    Delivered results: lab results and statuses (applications filed and paid), integrations status

Milestone 6: Batch production
Steps included:

  • preparation, acceptance, manufacturing, assembly, ready-to-ship

  • price promos

    Delivered results: first batch of 1000 devices + limited (photos & videos), limited price promos for the community, online store

Note: Some milestone stages might overlap.
We are expecting to launch the product for sales (first batch) by the fourth quarter of 2023.

Costs

Breakdown of the costs by groups for the project duration (6 months):

  • Manufacturing and procurement costs (from beta to the first batch with limited edition) - $600k
  • Backups & recovery solutions - $75k
  • Development costs, inc. salaries, product management, contractors - $490k
  • Technical performance tests verification and certifications from labs - $110k
  • Security testing and evaluation - $85k
  • Trade licenses, regional policies and legal establishment- $120k
  • Patent registration - $40k
  • Operational costs and corp services - $100k
  • Sales and supply channels configuration- $250k
  • Design, onboarding, community price promos - $95k
  • Partnerships, integrations, business development - $35k

Total: $2M

Payment structure

We suggest an upfront payment of $2 million to ensure swift progress and timely delivery. This significant initial investment is pivotal for the successful execution of this hardware project. As we have to secure contracts with component providers right from the outset, the upfront capital will be instrumental in negotiating the best prices. We can take advantage of economies of scale and secure cost-effective deals by purchasing higher-quality components.

As a start-up company, flexibility is crucial in our operations. Situations may evolve, and adjustments may be required along the way. However, we are fully committed to transparency and accountability in using the funds.

We will provide the DAO with comprehensive documentation upon request at any point during our journey. This documentation will detail how funds are utilised, ensuring that every dollar is spent towards delivering a top-quality product for the benefit of 1inch DAO and 1inch ecosystem.
We will also update the 1inch DAO on our progress through forum posts, Github and our Telegram channel. In this way, every step we take will be visible, maintaining an open line of communication and transparency throughout the project’s development.

Receiving address: 0xaBDd020b11eDf6838135270FECaefA7DaF08D2D7

Rationale

Our primary motivation for the 1inch hardware wallet development and sales launch is to provide the DeFi community with a secure, user-friendly, and convenient solution to manage their digital assets. An offline, air-gapped solution for private key storage that is built with users and for users, eliminating the risks of online attacks and hacking attempts.

In designing the hardware wallet, we researched and identified several areas for improvement. Based on the findings, many existing solutions lack transparency, usability, and performance, and may not be driven by the needs of the DeFi community. After careful consideration, we decided to develop a new solution that would integrate seamlessly with the 1inch Network. We prioritised security, efficiency, and ease of use in our design, and also included a multi-seed wallet option to close the market gap and provide greater flexibility for users.

To date, several milestones have already been completed from the previous grant from the Foundation including the following:

  • A working engineer prototype (EVT1)
  • Demo Firmware 1.0 version
  • Establishment of a framework for unique features
  • Our waitlist has garnered over 8000 registrations from crypto users

Detailed project results for 2022 can be viewed here: https://medium.com/@hrdwlt/the-hardware-wallet-2022-in-review-d2dfd0f6d47b

Our team is currently working on 1inch Mobile App integration and the device alpha testing.
We will continue to evaluate the product and seek feedback from the community to ensure that we are providing the best possible solution for the DeFi ecosystem.

Considerations

Team

To date, the 1inch Hardware Wallet core team includes:

  • Founder (12+ years experience in hardware engineering, development, electronic manufacturing. 4 hardware startups)
  • Project Manager (10+ years in software PM, 2+ years in hardware PM)
  • Application Team Lead (17+ years in app & software development, main - C++)
  • 2 Senior C++ programmers (8+ years xp)
  • Embedded Team Lead (specialization - Embedded security , SK Hynix)
  • 2 Embedded developers (7+ years xp)
  • Mechanical designer (From Huawei Inc)
  • PCB & Circuit designer
  • Production and Procurement Lead (supplies purchasing company owner, 10+ years in BA)
  • Marketing Manager (5+ in an omnichannel marketing)
  • HR manager
  • Legal
  • 4 part-time contributors: community, design, vendors, analytics

Team expansion is planned in the following directions: sales.

Commitments

We are dedicated to the development of 1inch Hardware Wallet project successful implementation and delivery of the 1inch Hardware Wallet (HW) project, in close collaboration with the 1inch core team and 1inch DAO, and with its strategic interests at the core of our operations. We are resolute in providing an unrivalled product that will significantly enrich the 1inch ecosystem and offer immeasurable benefits to the 1inch community.

Recognizing the importance of clear communication and unequivocal commitment, we have outlined the key focus areas to assure 1inch DAO of our dedication to the project’s success and bringing benefits to 1inch ecosystem and 1inch DAO as a result.

  • Commitment to Project Completion

Hardware Team has pledged to complete the 1inch Hardware Wallet project, promising to utilize the grant prudently to ensure the product reaches the highest level of quality. This commitment extends from the software and hardware development phases through to the setup of manufacturing processes and the essential technical and security audits.

  • Product support

Furthermore, we commit to future support for the product, continually refining, improving, and updating the hardware wallet to ensure its longevity and relevance in a rapidly evolving market.

  • Benefit 1inch Ecosystem and 1inch DAO

The 1inch Hardware Wallet, beyond being an innovative product, will enhance the 1inch ecosystem. The success of the 1inch Hardware Wallet is inherently tied to the prosperity of the 1inch ecosystem, with each entity bolstering the success of the other. Integrating the hardware wallet with the 1inch mobile app offers an unparalleled value proposition. It combines a hardware wallet’s security with a mobile app’s convenience, providing users with a holistic, secure, and streamlined DeFi-friendly crypto management solution.

Thus, the Hardware Wallet team is committed to creating a robust, thriving, and prosperous environment for 1inch users and stakeholders by focusing on

  1. boosting the 1inch brand’s visibility through logo placement and other branding efforts to enhance brand recognition and loyalty among the DeFi community;
  2. integrating seamlessly with the 1inch Mobile App, enhancing its user experience and promoting its use to improve user engagement, thereby increasing the transaction volumes within the 1inch ecosystem.
  3. strategic collaborations with other blockchain-based projects and seamless integration with diverse crypto wallets (e.g., MetaMask), expanding the user base and elevating the brand recognition of 1inch among users of other blockchain-based projects.

A key objective of our project is to directly benefit the 1inch DAO and the broader 1inch ecosystem. The increased user engagement with the 1inch Protocol will directly enhance the DAO Treasury, which is one of the core aspects of our mission.

Whilst the launch of our project is contingent on a grant, we are committed to developing a self-sustaining project that will become will secure funding from venture capitalists without compromising our commitments.

We pledge to maintain open communication channels with the DAO and be responsive to the community’s voice. We are deeply committed to honouring the DAO’s trust in our project. We envisage a future as a part of 1inch ecosystem where we can reflect on our journey with gratitude, acknowledging the pivotal role played by the DAO in trusting and supporting our project.

Thus through our branded device, we aim to introduce a greater number of users to the comprehensive 1inch ecosystem, incentivising them to adopt it as their primary platform of choice. This, in turn, will serve to strengthen the 1inch brand, its visibility, and its user base, leading to a mutually beneficial relationship between the Hardware Wallet project and the 1inch DAO.

  • Exclusivity

A key aspect of our commitment lies in our exclusivity agreement. Hardware Wallet promises to prioritize the 1inch partnership, refraining from cooperation with 1inch’s direct competitors.

This pledge that will be incorporated in a legal agreement with one of the entities in the 1inch ecosystem not only fortifies the 1inch ecosystem but also gives it a unique positioning in the DeFi community as, currently, no DeFi brand has successfully launched a DeFi Protocol, wallet app and a hardware wallet product. Moreover, it will ensure that our collaboration’s unique advantages and benefits remain within the 1inch ecosystem, fostering its competitive edge.

  • Adherence to High Standards of 1inch Brand

Our team will enter into a legal agreement to use the 1inch trademark to sell products called 1inch Hardware Wallet, operating in accordance with the high standards of the 1inch brand. Relevant members of the 1inch community will duly monitor compliance. This will ensure that our operations and outputs continue to reflect the excellence that the 1inch brand embodies.

  • Open-Sourcing

We believe in the power of open-sourcing to promote innovation and collaboration. Therefore, we commit to open-sourcing the hardware wallet project, allowing developers across the globe to learn, contribute, and enhance the product. However, we are also mindful of the potential risks of open sourcing. Thus, we commit that it will be open-sourced to the extent that it does not harm 1inch DAO, the 1inch product, or the security of the hardware or software components.

  • Token Incentives and Benefits

To demonstrate our commitment and to actively encourage the use of the 1INCH token within our ecosystem, we will propose a preferential pricing scheme for the 1INCH token holders. We commit to creating an offer for 1INCH token holders to drive token utility, foster community loyalty, and facilitate user engagement.

Alternatively, we have also considered creating limited edition unique devices adorned with custom designs. s. Though we are initially structuring these unique offerings, we assure you that the community’s voice will play a pivotal role in shaping these offerings. We plan to engage with the 1inch DAO community actively, seeking their input and suggestions to ensure our final offer reflects its preference. This initiative underlines our commitment to fostering a deeper connection with 1inch DAO and making the experience of 1inch DAO members with the 1inch Hardware Wallet truly unique and personalised.

Final words

Through the commitments above, the Hardware Wallet team asserts its unwavering dedication to successfully completing the 1inch Hardware Wallet project. It is a pledge to foster innovation, enhance security, and contribute to the success of the 1inch ecosystem and the wider DeFi community. We are confident that the strategic benefits, coupled with our pledge to build a top-tier product, exclusivity, future support, open-source commitment, token incentives [not confirmed] and our mutual interdependence for success, will significantly contribute to the growth and evolution of the 1inch ecosystem.

We are excited about the mutually beneficial growth and prosperity this partnership will bring to 1nch DAO and Hardware Wallet team. Together, we can redefine the future of DeFi and crypto and empower people worldwide to take control of their finances. We look forward to further collaboration and the successful realization of the 1inch Hardware Wallet project.

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Dispute Resolution Proposal: 1inch DAO and HWLT
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Hi everyone! Please let us know if you have any questions and suggestion regarding the product.

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The proposal was introduced and discussed on a Biweekly community governance call. In accordance with proposal cycle guidelines it’s time for phase 3 temperature check. The Poll will end on June 1st 2023. Please vote!

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Having watched this project grow from an idea to a physical prototype, I have no doubts that the team will continue to execute on a high level in order to bring its product to market. The demand for an open-source hardware wallet like this is significant, especially in light of the recent Ledger fiasco.

This proposal gets my full support, as I believe a bullet-proof mechanism for self-custody is imperative to the success of the 1inch ecosystem and DeFi as a whole.

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hey, @Alexey Devyatkin 1inch hardware wallet, happy to see this proposal live!

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I support this proposal. It is such a good idea!

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Progress report for 2023 from the 1inch HW team

Now that 2023 is behind us, we find it imperative to report our progress to the DAO community. In the early months of last year, we received a grant amounting to $2 million from DAO. Presently, we wish to disclose the significant milestones achieved throughout 2023. Our focus remains on developing the 1inch Hardware Wallet as a comprehensive open-source initiative, contributing to the advancement of the 1inch ecosystem. We aim to strengthen the DeFi community by providing an advanced solution that simplifies the management of crypto assets while offering convenience and heightened security.

Product milestones and deliverables breakdown:

The second and third quarters of 2023 were dedicated to the enhancement of EVT1 (Engineering Validation Test) and to the start of development of EVT2. Although it was planned to start product refinement of the PVT (Product Validation Test, Trade Version), we had to postpone it for this year. The reasons for that are explained below. We decided to provide you with upgrades for each milestone.

Product milestones and deliverables breakdown:

Milestone 0:

Steps included: factory setup, warehouse maintenance, operational and services costs, purchase of 15 000 MCUs (Microcontroller units)

Actual results:

Our entire factory workflow has changed due to our decision to test several different factories located in different countries. The last quarter of 2023 was devoted to R&D and factory selection: we focused our efforts on finding the best option that would satisfy all our criteria — reliability, innovative approach, and user experience. . It was a huge challenge because just a few manufacturers could produce a device the size of a credit card and comply with our strict requirements

At the end of last year, we eventually signed a contract with a factory and agreed on conditions and timeline. Currently, an R&D house is finalizing our EVT in accordance with all our requirements. We updated many requirements to make the wallet better, more reliable and secure. Now we are working on EVT2.Additionally, as we’ve been working on R&D ourselves, we come up with various features that will be tested in the next two months.

15 000 MCUs (microcontroller units) were not purchased yet because the time scale was changed.

Milestone 1: Engineering Validation Test (EVT2)

Steps included:
PRD finalization, EVT1 refinement to EVT2
Legal (entity setup)
Design and UX/UI improvements

Delivered results: PRD complete (new blueprints, product descriptions), manufactured EVT2 (photo & video, 20 devices), 1inch app test flight and flow, entity details, UI/UX screens

Actual results:

PRD — we changed the entire feature policy and added a product manager to our team. So it functions better than expected. Legal (entity setup) — it was done partially, as we are getting ready to create a legal structure for manufacture and sales.

Design and UX/UI improvements — done and partially released. UI/UX screens are ready. We started integration with the 1inch Wallet app. This was a crucial moment as we found out that syncing the mobile app with your hardware wallet is key to making users’ experience top-notch. So, we went ahead and made it super smooth for our device to sync seamlessly with the 1inch Wallet, ensuring user convenience. For a whole year, we’ve been grinding away on some fresh designs, and we’ve upgraded the wallet with brand spanking new interfaces. All of that is done to offer users an easy-on-the-eye and intuitive experience.

In addition, we improved the NFC connection functionality and upgraded the wallet’s keyboard. The alpha-test manufacturing was completed and we assembled several new sample devices. It’s important to mention that we simplified bootloader implementation and initiated porting core components to FreeRTOS, enhancing our device’s responsiveness and laying the groundwork for future developments.

EVT2 is still in the works because it took us longer than expected to find a factory that complies with all our requirements.

Milestone 2: Design Validation Test (DVT)

Steps included:
DVT design, manufacturing
Mechanical, electronic, performance verification tests from certified laboratories
Backup & recovery solutions development and manufacturing

Delivered results: Manufactured DVT (photos & videos, ~ 30 devices), crush test results from labs & certifications (components compliance results and pre-certifications results or agreement confirmations with labs), backup & recovery solutions manufactured

Actual results:

DVT design, manufacturing — DVT is postponed to 2024 because of changes in the timeline. DVT design is in its final stage.

Mechanical, electronic and performance verification tests by certified laboratories — we are actively working with KeyLabs, a leading security audit company. We continue to check with them on the wallet internal design architecture and we’ve already received our first device reports.

Backup & recovery solutions development and manufacturing — in addition to classic backups, such as jotting things down on paper or a Metal Sheet, we’re mulling over the chance of crafting backups on an NFC card. That means bundling NFC cards with the device and letting users create a backup on them. This approach is quite straightforward: we create a backup on an NFC card and encrypt it with a PIN code. This is still in the works but could be a possible solution, too.

Also, the 1inch Hardware Wallet team developed a unit tests environment and updated seed phrase store/restore functionality, verified repository and found a vendor for mass PCB production.

Milestone 3: Channels setup

Steps included:
Sales funnel and logistics configuration
Countries trade licensing and certifications
Store, payments, warranties setup

Delivered results: Sales & Trade Conditions (files), tested orders, ordering details in GitHub (including providers, countries, payments, warranties details), trade licenses status

Actual results:

It was decided to move this entire milestone to 2024 due to factory issues. So, first, we had to sign up a contract and only after that we could plan sales & trade conditions, test orders, logistics, payments and other aspects related to delivery. As mentioned above, we signed a contract at the end of last year. Now we are working on gaining certificates, planning delivery and sales funnels.

Milestone 4: Product Validation Testing (PVT)

Steps included:
First production run
PVT design, manufacturing
QA
getting started and onboarding

Delivered results: Manufactured PVT (photos & videos, 100 devices from different factories) = final product with packaging and supporting materials, getting started guide established.

Actual results:

This milestone was moved to 2024 due to a decision to upgrade the 1inch Hardware Wallet and add more features. For example, we took a crucial decision to secure every device with a dedicated secure element. More features are in the works and we share our progress constantly on our social media.

Milestone 5: Security Audit & Integrations

Steps included:
Independent labs, EAL certification
Other crypto wallets integrations

Delivered results: lab results and statuses (applications filed and paid), integrations status

Actual results:

The 1inch Hardware Wallet team is heavily focused on security. When we planned to attract an independent third party to our project, we conducted extensive research, and, based on the findings, we chose KeyLabs, the leader in crypto hardware wallet audits.

This step was incredibly beneficial for us for a simple reason: at the moment, we’re not just handing over ready-made devices for audits. Instead, we’re coordinating all aspects of hardware, firmware and security design as they are implemented. In other words, even before we start working on the code, there’s an audit of our architecture. It’s incredibly rewarding to undergo verification even before writing the code because it boosts our confidence and greatly helps us to avoid potential mistakes that could arise after receiving a security report.

Talking about other crypto wallet integrations: we were more focused on integrating the 1inch Wallet app. But are testing other wallets, as well, and will present the results later this year.

Our team’s strategic expansion and marketing moves have paved the way for exciting developments on the horizon. This transformative year was not solely dedicated to the continuous improvement of our wallet; we actively immersed ourselves in industry convos, making sure we were seen as game-changers in the market.

Our proactive approach extended to securing 5 interviews and participating in 12 events, grabbing awesome chances to showcase our wallet.

Throughout the year, we teamed up with significant partners. It was all about creating connections that mattered. At the core of our efforts is the principle “Community first!” This guiding philosophy defines every aspect of our endeavors.
Over the past year, we organized more than 10 contests and engaging AMA sessions. We value hearing from you, understanding your thoughts and actively working on the feedback provided by every member of our community.

Milestone 6: Batch production

Steps included:
preparation, acceptance, manufacturing, assembly, ready-to-ship
price promos

Delivered results: first batch of 1000 devices + limited (photos & videos), limited price promos for the community, online store

Actual results: we had to postpone these steps to the current year since we decided to add more and more features and make our device more sophisticated.

2023: a year in numbers

30+ physical samples produced
3+ manufacturers were tested for the production and assembly of printed circuit boards.
7+ offers from different factories in various countries were received and researched for the start of R&D and production.
$2 million was received from the 1inch DAO to fuel our initiatives.
17 new team members were added.
5 media interviews were conducted.
12 events were attended.

Looking into the future

As work on the 1inch Hardware Wallet accelerates, these are our next steps:

Device mass production
Event participation
UI upgrade
Pre-orders
Delivery
Launch of the early contributors and bug bounty programs.

2024 will be dedicated to product refinement to the PVT (Product Validation Test, Trade Version), product acceptance, QA and manufacturing, international laboratory tests & certifications and setting up sales channels. The first batch of devices for sale will be delivered this year.

1 Like
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Thank you for the update @Alexey “1inch HW Business” Deviatkin

  • Can you please help us understand how much of the grant amount has been spent so far?
  • What is the current status of the project in terms of %completion?
  • Is there any significant feedback from the 30 devices which were shipped so far?
1 Like
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Hello! Thanks for your support and questions.

  1. At the moment, we have $1,445,000 left, meaning $555,000 of the grant was spent.

  2. I would say, it’s more than 60% of readiness.

  3. Yes, for sure! We always show these devices on variousCrypto events and we get a really overwhelming feedback. People appreciate not only wallet’s functionality, but they are also very impressed by the design. We listen to the fist testers’ opinions and collect all the reviews to implement upgrades into life. The work is on.

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Hey! Thank you for sharing the proposal. It’s exciting to see the progress made towards developing the 1inch Hardware Wallet. The dedication to open-source principles and user-centric features like transparent transaction signing and multi-seed options is commendable. Additionally, the roadmap breakdown provides clarity on the project’s development stages. Please share a joining link.
I also check this : https://youtu.be/kRwbWE6GfgY
gcp

1 Like
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Half of 2024 has passed, and we find it important to update you on our milestones.

At the beginning of 2024, we reached a significant milestone in our internal testing. We crafted 70 devices and distributed them to our dedicated 1inch team members. Months of rigorous testing followed, revealing the need for substantial changes to refine our product. Two critical changes became evident: strengthening our security to address potential attacks and adding a button for ease of use. Following an internal security audit, we integrated the ATEC608 Secure Element to ensure robust protection for our users. Mechanical tests convinced us to add a button for improved usability.

We also decided to update the design by moving the display closer to the center and equipping the device with a power button that includes a built-in fingerprint scanner (available in the next generation). Additionally, we equipped a vibration motor, front light, light sensor, and the ability to expand functionality in future versions with a fingerprint scanner and a Bluetooth chip. The device is now just 1mm thicker, retaining its card-like dimensions. We introduced magnets for easy attachment to smartphones, enhanced the NFC reader, and upgraded the microcontroller to the STM32H753 with a built-in crypto accelerator.

It is important to mention that all these crucial changes were confirmed in Q1 2024 and completed within three months. We can modestly say that we have managed to construct a completely new device with a new mechanical design.

Our integration with the 1inch App is currently on pause. The date of integration is yet to be determined. Meanwhile, our integration by EIP4527 protocol is ready.

Product milestones and deliverables breakdown:

Milestone 0:

Steps included: factory setup, warehouse maintenance, operational and services costs, purchase of 15 000 MCUs (Microcontroller units)

Actual results:

  • We have chosen the Factory and signed up the contract;
  • Operational and services costs have been calculated;
  • We have changed our plans regarding MCUs: decided to use STM32H753 instead STM32H743;
  • 15 000 MCUs (Microcontroller units) have not been purchased yet.

Milestone 1: Engineering Validation Test (EVT2)

Steps included:
PRD finalisation, EVT1 refinement to EVT2
Legal (entity setup)
Design and UX/UI improvements

Delivered results: PRD complete (new blueprints, product descriptions), manufactured EVT2 (photo & video, 20 devices), 1inch app test flight and flow, entity details, UI/UX screens

Actual results:

  • PRD—is 100% ready for the Alfa Test;
  • EVT1 is completed. 70 EVT1 devices were produced and shipped to team members;
  • EVT2 Mechanical components are 90% done, Schematic is 100% ready. Low level firmware 80% ready. The total readiness EVT2 device is 85% completed for Alpha test. One prototype is assembled. Current stage: middle of bring up. Within at least 2-3 weeks, we plan to have around 50 EVT2 samples for Alfa tests. For videos and pictures of our new design and assembled EVT2 prototype, see our latest upgrade regarding the wallet: https://medium.com/@OneInchHW/the-1inch-hardware-wallet-revamp-from-prototype-to-perfection-c6e9b00bdcf0 ;
  • Legal (entity setup)— company is incorporated in Dubai. Currently we are getting ready to create a legal structure for manufacture and sales;
  • Design and UX/UI improvements — design and Design and UX/UI improvements for basic functions and crypto features like wallet creation, shamir back-up, NFC back-up, DeFi protocol call-data reading, etc. are in progress;
  • DFM Review: Completion: 80%. Status: Near completion; refinements required.

Milestone 2: Design Validation Test (DVT)

Steps included:
DVT design, manufacturing
Mechanical, electronic, performance verification tests from certified laboratories
Backup & recovery solutions development and manufacturing

Delivered results: Manufactured DVT (photos & videos, ~ 30 devices), crush test results from labs & certifications (components compliance results and pre-certifications results or agreement confirmations with labs), backup & recovery solutions manufactured

Actual results:

  • DVT design — we are at the final stage of the DFM review and during bring-up we have launched a list of refinements. Once the EVT2 device is fully launched we’ll be ready to update designs;
  • We have found a partner that will help us to perform mechanical, electronic, performance verification tests from certified laboratories. Once DVT devices are done, we’ll be ready to start this process;
  • Backup & recovery solutions development and manufacturing—NFC cards were designed and tested on our test kits. We have ordered a new batch of NFC cards that will be tested in the next 2 weeks with EVT2 prototype.

Milestone 3: Channels setup
Steps included:
Sales funnel and logistics configuration
Countries trade licensing and certifications
Store, payments, warranties setup

Delivered results: Sales & Trade Conditions (files), tested orders, ordering details in GitHub (including providers, countries, payments, warranties details), trade licenses status

Actual results:

  • We have gathered contacts of 59 distributors, and we have reached the stage of signing NDAs with 9 of them;
  • Ecommerce website is 5% completed;
  • A consultation with a certification specialist was received. A strategy for obtaining certificates under the CB testing scheme was selected (testing and then simplified certification);
  • Warranties setup is ready for 10%.

Milestone 4: Product Validation Testing (PVT)
Steps included:
First production run
PVT design, manufacturing
QA
getting started and onboarding

Delivered results: Manufactured PVT (photos & videos, 100 devices from different factories) = final product with packaging and supporting materials, getting started guide established

Actual results:

  • PVT stage will be completed after the DVT stage;
  • Currently, two factories are involved in the production of the device;
  • Final product with packaging and supporting material: we have a first version of produced packaging, charger and supporting materials for alfa test (see medium link), but the final version may differ;
  • QA: We have hired 2 QA engineers. Additionally, we found a partner that can help us with the device quality assurance.

Milestone 5: Security Audit & Integrations
Steps included:

Independent labs, EAL certification
Other crypto wallets integrations

Delivered results: lab results and statuses (applications filed and paid), integrations status

Actual results:

  • Hardware Wallet Security Audit: After conducting extensive research when planning to engage an independent third party as our security contractor, we have selected KeyLabs. Keylabs has provided non-public commentaries related to some of our architect designs. We have received positive feedback, and some of our architect solutions will be recommended to other projects as well. Additionally, we have done a code quality audit that was also positive;
  • In October 2023, Keylabs provided us with the hardware wallet recommendations such as adding SE and changing MCU that we took into consideration in the EVT2 design: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DMOOxXEYH67Yokt2aRXWUEkoCnCDcejX/view?usp=sharing. Additionally, this summer Keylabs made a report regarding the Code Quality: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DMOOxXEYH67Yokt2aRXWUEkoCnCDcejX/view?usp=sharing ;
  • These designs were already checked: [EXT] Device Attestation 1.0 HLD; [EXT] Device Unlock PIN Protection 1.0 HLD; [EXT] HW Wallet Protocol 1.9 HLD; [EXT] Secret Key Protection 1.4 HLD; [EXT] Secure Boot 1.1 HLD; [EXT] Secure FW Update 1.2 HLD; [EXT] Secure Storage 1.1 HLD;
  • EAL certification: EAL certification cannot be done for the device as it will be open source;
  • Our EVT1 prototype and virtual desktop simulation can link and sign transactions allowing us to send crypto assets at supported EVM chains via Metamask mobile wallet using QR EIP4527 protocol. However, official integration talks have not yet started.

Milestone 6: Batch production
Steps included:
preparation, acceptance, manufacturing, assembly, ready-to-ship
price promos
Delivered results: first batch of 1000 devices + limited (photos & videos), limited price promos for the community, online store

Actual results:

  • We have сhosen and signed a contract with a manufacturer. Additionally, we have a back-up plan;
  • Price was already settled but has not been announced yet;
  • We are currently considering 2 providers for the logistics.

We are expecting to launch the product for sale (first batch) by the first quarter of 2025.

Our team is currently working on launching closed alpha testing. We will continue to evaluate the product and seek feedback from the community to ensure that we are providing the best possible solution for the DeFi ecosystem.

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12

Progress report for the August 2024 from the HW team
We start a new month with some major updates, which were achieved during August. We feel it’s our responsibility to share these with the DAO.

Production:

Hardware/Firmware

Hardware Updates:

  • The big news: we’ve launched a new version of the wallet, now with a button. After thorough testing, we’ve found that the button really improves usability. The old prototype was great, but this new feature makes the device even easier and more enjoyable to use.

  • In September, we plan to assemble 30-40 Device Validation Test (DVT) units.

  • Currently, we have received semi-assembled devices, where the main body now has the button installed and the display attached. We’re almost there; all that’s left is to install the PCB, add other electronic components, and attach the back cover glass.

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  • We successfully tested the backup process for NFC cards on the new hardware, ensuring that the updated design and user flow are functioning seamlessly.

  • Also, we’ve tested cameras from several suppliers and have a clear favorite among the options.

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We integrated support for a range of new peripherals, including a front light for display, light sensors, an accelerometer, a charging system, and a physical button.

In terms of power efficiency, we made strides by reducing the main controller’s operating frequency and implementing Stop Mode to cut down on energy consumption.

Software Updates:

  • We’ve completed debugging animated QR codes on the device. Transaction recognition, including swap transactions, is now fully integrated with MetaMask and other EIP4527-compatible applications: OKX, Safe, and Rabbit Wallet.

  • We’ve also implemented Secure Element functionality for signature verification. This feature is set up for the alpha version.

  • Additionally, we’ve just wrapped up a major refactor of the user interface, particularly focusing on wallet creation and import features. At this point, we’re in the process of porting this updated UI to the device.

  • Lastly, we’ve done extensive testing on our secure storage system, which manages all sensitive data, as well as the file system that handles downloaded updates and call data. Everything’s been thoroughly checked and is in great

Manufacturing

  • So, our dedicated engineers just wrapped up a serious stint in China — we’re talking 10-hour days, six days a week. They were all about bringing up the new board design. This trip has pushed our progress forward.

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  • One of the big updates is that all the parts and pieces needed to assemble the device are now fully made.

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  • And by this moment, we’ve got a full batch of packaging materials in.

As it was said before, we are expecting to launch the product for sale (first batch) by the first quarter of 2025. And the next step is Alpha testing which is planned for this September.

13

Dear community!

I want to sincerely congratulate you on the new 2025 year, may this year bring you many happy moments!

Following up on our last report, available at this link, I would like to present the HW Team’s progress report as of December 2024, summarizing the work completed over the past few months.

Production:

Hardware

As mentioned earlier, we assembled the devices for Device Validation Test (DVT) and conducted thorough testing on them. Following the tests, we made minor adjustments to ensure the device successfully passes certification, facilitates production testing, and achieves an even more appealing design.

PVT devices with accessories and transport packaging have been produced in a quantity of 50 units, of which 23 were provided for reliability testing, 6 for certification testing and the remaining devices were used for the internal needs of the development team and factory requirements.

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Software Updates:
UI/UX screens

Main updates:

  1. Full updated the UI of the device due to recent circumstances.
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  2. Developed several types of the Firmware for the different purposes:

  • Production bootloader for the setting up the MCU and Secure Element at the production line
  • Test firmware for the reliability testing
  • Test firmware for the certification lab testing
  • Test firmware for the PCBA assembly line: Facilitates testing during the PCB assembly process.
  • Test firmware for manual testing: used for final quality checks at the last step of production.
    image
  • Initial firmware - this is base firmware which allow user turn on the device and get the final firmware and updating app.
    image

Manufacturing

Since the last update, our team has visited China twice. The first trip was for final approval of all suppliers and quality control of samples. The second trip was for equipment setup and training staff to operate the test benches.

Among the results of these trips and works, we can highlight:

  1. We have finalized all suppliers after thoroughly testing each component individually and during the assembly process.

  2. As of today, the production and procurement of certain components and parts for the first batch of 1,000 units have been completed. The total cost of purchasing components and mechanical parts amounted to $96,501.81.

[Invoices_Electronic_Components_and_Mechanical_Parts (https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1FiRs28TgvQMK0eQcdXa-eJoNqJjRH0xW?usp=drive_link)

  1. The development and preparation of test benches for successful device testing on the production line also became an important part of the process. We additionally designed communication boards, test fixtures, and integrated all the equipment into a complete test bench setup and developed special software for the mass production tests and special cloud software testing and setting up devices.

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  1. We have also designed and manufactured fixtures such as the Magnetic Attachment Pneumatic Pressure Holding Fixture, Front & Back Cover Glue Tool, Pressure Retaining Fixture for Front & Rear Cover, and Air Tightness Test Fixture.

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Invoice

Milestone 0: Factory setup
Steps included:
Purchase of 15 000 MCUs (Microcontroller units) - We plan to purchase these for the next batch in alignment with our sales and production plan for 2025.

Milestone 3: Channels setup

  • Sales & Trade Conditions – 100% done.

  • Tested orders – 100% done.

  • Ordering details in GitHub - we have not orders yet.
    (For the future: It seems there was a mistake in the proposal. We will not provide ordering details in an open space, as this includes personal data that must be stored securely and is not subject to disclosure)

  • Trade licenses status – HWLT FZE have trade license - 100% done
    link

Milestone 4: Product Validation Testing (PVT)
Steps included: First production run

  • PVT design, manufacturing
  • QA
  • Getting started and onboarding

Delivered results:

  • Manufactured PVT (photos & videos, 100 devices from different factories) -100% done, 50 (100 pcs not required for this step) devices produced with packaging and supporting materials

Milestone 5: Security Audit & Integrations

  • Lab results and statuses (applications filed and paid) – 100% done
    Official report from KeyLabs
    is available at the link

Milestone 6: Batch production

Steps included:

  • preparation, acceptance, manufacturing, assembly, ready-to-ship
  • price promos

Delivered results:

  • Preparation, acceptance, manufacturing, assembly, ready-to-ship – 80%.
    All goods will be ready for shipping in the end of the January 2025
  • Price promos
  • First batch of 1000 devices + limited (photos & videos) – 80% done. Photos of ready to ship product will be available in January 2025.
  • Limited price promos for the community – We’re still ready provide the promo price for anyone from the community of 1inch
  • Online store available at the link era-wallet.com – 100% done.

Throughout the project, the HWLT team maintained close collaboration with the 1inch mobile app team, responsible for developing the mobile app module for the Hardware Wallet device, and the 1inch design team, which worked on the UI graphics and color scheme for the device’s appearance.

However, in the summer of 2023, both teams abruptly ceased communication with HWLT without providing any justification for this termination. Consequently, HWLT lost access to critical source code and design assets necessary for further development.

As a result, the HWLT team had to recover the lost materials and data independently. This involved developing the source code for the mobile app from scratch and recreating the device’s appearance and UI design.

This situation forced HWLT to redo significant scope of the work, causing delays in the originally announced project timeline and leading to a significant increase in the scope of work. The additional tasks included the development of a mobile application module, a new graphical interface design, changes to the device’s appearance, and restarting production of parts related to these design changes and packaging.

Despite these challenges, the HWLT team has consistently met final development milestones on time to fulfill its commitments and ensure the project’s success. We would like to emphasize that the delays in delivering a shipping-ready product were the result of objective circumstances.

The above report further demonstrates the HWLT team’s commitment and integrity in fulfilling their grant obligations as originally promised, despite the difficulties. The security audit report and other evidence confirm the HWLT team’s strong experience and ability to deliver a high-quality product.

Although the product is ready, releasing it under the 1inch brand is no longer possible due to the absence of a license agreement between HWLT and 1inch Labs, which owns the 1inch trademark.

To support further development and meet our commitments, the team is proceeding to release and publish the product under its own ERA Wallet brand. This step is essential to maintain the trust and reputation of the HWLT team within the community and among investors.

HWLT remains deeply committed to providing the community with an excellent open-source hardware wallet product and holds great respect for the community and the 1inch DAO for their initial support and trust. We remain open to cooperation and believe that by working together, we can overcome the current challenges and achieve our common goals.

Sincerely,
Alexey Devyatkin

14

Dear community!
We are thrilled to announce that the final mass production design and development of the hardware wallet envisaged in the grant has been completed.
We have a working device, offering greatly enhanced security and functionality over competitor devices and production is well under way!
Our ongoing commitment to this project, the 1inch DAO remains and we will continue to develop, enhance and support the product going forwards to ensure that it becomes, and remains the device of choice for users globally. We already support the main 13 EVM networks and Bitcoin mainnet. We are now moving forward and currently in the process of adding support for Tron, Solana, and TON.

Were it not for the partnership between ourselves and 1inch DAO, this amazing outcome would not have been possible and we are convinced that by working together going forwards, this will become a truly game-changing product.

Have a look at some production videos below
https://youtube.com/shorts/Fv91JbDdwQA?feature=shared

Our website has been fully tested and device is available for purchase, check it via the following link
era-wallet.com

We have prepared a special promo for the community. Use the promo code “1INCH” to get a 20% discount.

Certification & Compliance
You can access all supporting documentation, test reports, and finalized certification files via the following link: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xSVQClUYc6afeP_xLIy6T7PE9OqX-qE_zlNa-aR2C24/edit?usp=sharing

Security audit report available via the following link
https://github.com/keylabsio/audits/blob/main/2024-12-ERA-WLT.pdf

Now we are on the way for final assembling of first batch 1000 devices, all parts is ready
https://youtu.be/Nb1SeviXv34?feature=shared

15

Final Phase: ERA Wallet Begins source-code publication

Following productive discussions and internal review, we are entering the final phase of fulfilling the grant obligations under Proposal IP-30.

Today, we are publishing our Source-code Publication Roadmap, outlining the step-by-step release of the ERA Wallet source code — from firmware and cryptographic libraries to the companion mobile application.

This roadmap represents commitment to open source principles while protecting intellectual property during the critical early market phase. The phased approach ensures responsible disclosure, allows time for patent protection, and provides the community with immediate access to the majority of the codebase.

What is being released

We are releasing a detailed roadmap for the publication source code of ERA Wallet, including a structured timeline, licensing plan, and repository hierarchy. The release is organized in two phases:

•	Phase 1 (December 2025) — 5 repositories to be released, including main firmware and the mobile Companion App (licensed under GPLv3).

•Phase 2 (March 2026) — 4 repositories to be released, containing patent-pending innovations including secure data protection, entropy generation, and the NFC backup protocol.

Licensing Model

•	Most repositories will be released under BUSL 1.1, transitioning to GPLv3 automatically after 3 years.

•	The Companion App will be released directly under GPLv3, to allow immediate community engagement and adoption.

Why this matters?

This roadmap represents a balanced approach:

– honoring the DAO grant commitments,

– enabling transparency and security auditing,

– protecting novel inventions via patent filings,

– while ensuring a viable path for commercial sustainability, as well as long-term support and continued development of the product for community.

By December 2025, the core architecture of ERA Wallet will be made public. By March 2026, all major components — including security innovations — will be published and made available for review by the community and security researchers.

We thank the DAO community for their patience and constructive dialogue, and we now invite everyone to review the roadmap and continue building the future of open, secure self-custody together.

ERA Wallet Source Code Publication Roadmap

Document Overview

This document outlines the strategic roadmap for publishing the ERA Wallet source code.

ERA Wallet is a secure hardware cryptocurrency wallet built on the STM32H753xx MCU with integrated ATECC608 secure element. The system architecture is designed with security, modularity, and maintainability as core principles.

The roadmap is organized to reflect the logical structure of the codebase, showing clear hierarchies and dependencies between repositories. This publication strategy balances our commitment to open source principles with the protection of novel intellectual property and security-sensitive implementations.

Summary Statistics

  • Total Components: 9 repositories and integrated modules

  • Phase 1 Release (December 2025): 5 repositories

  • Phase 2 Release (March 2026): 4 repositories/components

  • Patent Applications: 3 patents covering 4 components

  • Direct GPLv3: 1 repository (Companion App)

Licensing Strategy

Standard License Model

All repositories (except the companion app and hardware document) will be released under the Business Source License (BUSL) 1.1 with the following terms:

  • Initial License: BUSL 1.1

  • Change Date: 3 years from initial publication

  • Change License: GNU General Public License v3.0 (GPLv3)

This model ensures that the code becomes fully open source after the protection period, while allowing immediate access for review, learning, and non-commercial use.

Companion App Exception

The ERA-Wallet-Companion-App will be released directly under GPLv3 to encourage immediate community adoption and contributions for device servicing functionality.

Publication Timeline

Phase 1: December 2025 (Month 1)

Release Date: December 1, 2025

Repositories without patent-pending features or high-risk proprietary optimizations will be published. These represent stable, well-established implementations suitable for immediate public release.

Phase 2: March 2026 (Month 4)

Release Date: March 1, 2026

Repositories containing patent-pending innovations will be published following completion of patent applications. This ensures intellectual property protection while maintaining our commitment to eventual open source release.

Repository Architecture

1. Firmware Core Repositories

1.1 ERA-Wallet-Bootstrapper

Description: Immutable first-stage firmware for the ERA Wallet device. As part of the secure boot sequence, it verifies the integrity of the bootloader before loading it. This is the root of trust for the entire system.

Current Location: Standalone repository

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

1.2 ERA-Wallet-Bootloader

Description: Updateable second-stage secure bootloader firmware for the ERA Wallet device. As part of the secure boot sequence, it verifies the integrity and authenticity of the main firmware and applies updates. Implements cryptographic signature verification and secure firmware update protocol.

Current Location: Standalone repository

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

1.3 ERA-Wallet-Firmware (Main Firmware)

Description: The main application firmware containing complete business logic for wallet operations. Integrates all subsystems including UI, cryptography, storage, secret key protection, entropy generation, NFC backup, and workflow management. Built on C/C++ with FreeRTOS.

Current Location: This repository (ERA-firmware)

Submodules:

  • src/apps (ERA-Wallet-Apps) and all its submodules

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

2. Application Layer Repositories

2.1 ERA-Wallet-Apps

Description: Contains application-level business logic and high-level functionality. This is the primary application layer containing the LVGL-based UI, cryptographic operations, secure storage, workflow management, and all user-facing features. Implements wallet generation, transaction signing, multi-chain support, and device management.

Current Location: Submodule in ERA-firmware as src/apps/

Repository URL: ERA-apps

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

Key Components:

  • UI modules (LVGL-based interfaces)

  • Workflow manager (user scenario handling)

  • Core application tasks

  • Logger and diagnostics

  • VFS (Virtual File System)

  • Integration layer for crypto and storage

Submodules:

  • crypto (ERA-Wallet-Crypto)

Integrated Components:

  • ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection

  • ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen

  • ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup

  • Workflow Manager

2.2 ERA-Wallet-Crypto

Description: Comprehensive cryptographic module providing multi-chain wallet support. Implements HD wallet derivation (BIP32/39/44), key management, transaction signing for multiple blockchains (Bitcoin, Ethereum, EVM chains, Solana, Tron, etc.), and integration with hardware secure element (ATECC608). Includes secure storage for sensitive data.

Current Location: Submodule in ERA-Wallet-Apps as crypto/

Repository URL: ERA-crypto

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

Submodules:

  • secure_storage (ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage)

3. Security and Storage Libraries

3.1 ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage

Description: Proprietary library for securely storing sensitive data in encrypted flash memory. Provides the storage layer for the multi-level secret protection system. Features include ChaCha20 encryption, SHA-1 integrity checks, wear leveling, data compaction, fault tolerance, and power-failure recovery. Designed specifically for embedded systems with limited resources. Part of the unified Secret Key Protection patent system.

Current Location: Submodule in ERA-Wallet-Crypto as secure_storage/

Repository URL: secure_storage

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 2 - March 1, 2026

Status: Patent pending (combined with ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection)

3.2 ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection

Description: Proprietary library implementing multi-level protection of user secret data using hierarchical key system and cryptographic security element. Combines hardware (ATECC608 secure element) and software protection mechanisms using unknown random values and hardware counters for brute force protection. Enables unlimited protection of various secret data types (seed phrases, private keys for multiple blockchains) without hardware security element capacity limitations, allowing new blockchain support without hardware modifications.

Current Location: Part of ERA-Wallet-Apps repository

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 2 - March 1, 2026

Status: Patent pending (combined with ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage)

3.3 ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen

Description: Library for generation of true random numbers from multiple entropy sources including camera sensor noise, accelerometer data, secure element TRNG, MCU RNG, and touch screen input. Implements entropy mixing and mathematical health checks to ensure cryptographic-quality randomness.

Current Location: Part of ERA-Wallet-Apps or standalone library

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 2 - March 1, 2026

Status: Patent pending

3.4 ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup

Description: Proprietary library for handling ERA Card encrypted backups via NFC. Implements secure encrypted backup and restore of wallet data to NFC-enabled NTAG424 cards with tamper detection, brute force protection, and integrity verification.

Current Location: Part of ERA-Wallet-Apps repository

License: BUSL 1.1 (converts to GPLv3 after 3 years)

Release Phase: Phase 2 - March 1, 2026

Status: Patent pending

4. Mobile Applications

4.1 ERA-Wallet-Companion-App

Description: Android and iOS application for servicing the ERA Wallet device. Primarily used for updating device firmware via NFC and performing device authenticity checks. Provides a simple interface for non-technical users to maintain their hardware wallet.

Current Location: Standalone repository

Platforms: Android, iOS

License: GPLv3 (released directly under open source license)

Release Phase: Phase 1 - December 1, 2025

Status: Ready for publication

Repository Dependency Hierarchy

ERA-Wallet-Firmware (Main Repository)

└── ERA-Wallet-Apps (submodule)

├── ERA-Wallet-Crypto (submodule)

├── ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection (integrated component)

├── ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen (integrated component)

└── ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup (integrated component)

ERA-Wallet-Bootloader (Separate Repository)

ERA-Wallet-Bootstrapper (Separate Repository)

ERA-Wallet-Companion-App (Standalone Mobile App)

Phase 1 Release Schedule (December 2025)

Target date: December 1, 2025
Repository License Status Notes
ERA-Wallet-Companion-App GPLv3 Ready Direct open source release
ERA-Wallet-Firmware BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Ready Main firmware repository
ERA-Wallet-Apps BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Ready Application layer
ERA-Wallet-Crypto BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Ready Cryptographic module
ERA-Wallet-Bootstrapper BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Ready First-stage bootloader
ERA-Wallet-Bootloader BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Ready Second-stage bootloader

Phase 2 Release Schedule (March 2026)

Target date: March 1 2026 License Status Reason for Delay
ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Patent Pending Novel storage algorithm
ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Patent Pending Multi-layer key protection
ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Patent Pending NFC backup protocol
ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen BUSL 1.1 → GPLv3 (3 years) Patent Pending Multi-source entropy mixing

Patent Pending Repositories

The following repositories contain patent-pending technologies and will be released in Phase 2 (March 1, 2026) following completion of patent applications. Multiple related repositories may be covered under a single patent application.

Patent 1: ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection

Covered Repositories:

  • ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage

  • ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection

Patent Title: Method of multi-level protection of user secret data in flash memory of an electronic device using a cryptographic security element and hierarchical key system

Innovation: Multi-level protection system for user secret data combining hardware and software security mechanisms. Uses unknown random values (unknown to anyone, including the manufacturer), hardware counters in secure element to prevent brute force attacks, and hierarchical key system. Enables unlimited protection of various secret data types (seed phrases, private keys for multiple blockchains) without hardware security element capacity limitations.

Key Features:

  • Multi-level architecture combining hardware (ATECC608c secure element) and software protection

  • Unknown random secret generation - makes key recovery impossible even with PIN knowledge

  • Hardware brute force protection - irreversible blocking after attempt limit exceeded

  • Hierarchical key system for flexible secret management

  • ChaCha20 encryption with fault tolerance and power-failure recovery

  • Wear leveling and data compaction for flash longevity

  • Unlimited support for arbitrary secret data types without SE capacity constraints

Technical Results:

  • Enhanced cryptographic strength through unknown random values

  • Resistance to physical brute force attacks via hardware counters

  • High reliability requiring compromise of multiple independent components

  • System flexibility allowing new blockchain support without hardware modifications

Patent Focus: Multi-level key protection architecture, hierarchical key system, unknown secret mechanism, hardware brute force protection, and flexible secret data storage system

Patent 2: ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen

Covered Repositories:

  • ERA-Wallet-EntropyGen

Innovation: Multi-source entropy generation and mixing system for cryptographic-quality random number generation

Key Features:

  • Multiple entropy sources: camera sensor, accelerometer, secure element TRNG, MCU RNG, touch screen

  • Entropy mixing algorithm with health monitoring

  • Quality assurance and failure detection

Patent Focus: Entropy collection methodology, mixing algorithm, and health monitoring system

Patent 3: ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup

Covered Repositories:

  • ERA-Wallet-NFC-Backup

Innovation: Secure NFC-based backup and restore protocol for hardware cryptocurrency wallets

Key Features:

  • Encrypted backup to NFC cards

  • Tamper detection and integrity verification

  • Secure restore mechanism

Patent Focus: NFC backup protocol and security architecture

Total Patent Applications: 3 patents covering 4 repositories/components

All patent applications are scheduled for filing by December 2026, enabling public release in March 2026 while maintaining intellectual property protection.

Notes and Risk Assessment

Patent Pending Status

Repositories marked as “Patent Pending” contain novel algorithms, protocols, or system designs that represent significant innovations. A total of 3 patent applications covering 4 repositories/components will be filed:

Patent 1 - Secret Key Protection System: Method of multi-level protection of user secret data using cryptographic security element and hierarchical key system. Combines ERA-Wallet-Secure-Storage and ERA-Wallet-Secret-Key-Protection with unknown random secrets, hardware brute force protection, and unlimited secret data type support without SE capacity constraints.

Patent 2 - Entropy Generation: Multi-source entropy mixing with health monitoring from camera, accelerometer, secure element TRNG, MCU RNG, and touch screen.

Patent 3 - NFC Backup Protocol: Secure backup and restore protocol with tamper detection for NFC-based wallet backups.

All patent applications are scheduled for filing by December 2026 to enable March 2026 publication.

License Transition

The BUSL to GPLv3 transition ensures:

  • Immediate transparency and code review by security researchers

  • Protection of commercial interests during initial market period

  • Guaranteed eventual full open source release

  • Compatibility with open source ecosystem after transition

Community Engagement

Following Phase 1 release, we will:

  • Establish public forums for community discussion

  • Create contribution guidelines and code review processes

  • Set up bug bounty program for security researchers

  • Provide detailed documentation and developer guides

  • Host community calls and technical discussions

1 Like
Dispute Resolution Proposal: 1inch DAO and HWLT
16

That’s really great news! I knew I didn’t misjudge this project—it’s about to take off!!